清理环境

sudo yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-engine

安装依赖

sudo yum install -y yum-utils

设置国内镜像仓库

# 官方镜像仓库有可能会很慢
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 推荐使用阿里的镜像仓库
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

更新缓存安装必要依赖

# 安装前先更新yum软件包索引
yum makecache fast

# 安装docker-ce 社区版
sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

启动服务

sudo systemctl start docker

# 设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable docker

#启动成功后检查docker版本
docker version

常见错误解决

1、centos 7 系统停止维护后镜像源问题处理（国内采用阿里云）

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
#或
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# 更新 EPEL 源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
# 或者
curl -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

2、centos 7 系统停止维护后镜像源问题处理（国外服务器解决）

# 访问镜像仓库
cd /etc/yum.repos.d

# 修改镜像仓库内容
cat > CentOS-Base.repo <<'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

# 更新 EPEL 源
cat > epel.repo <<'EOF'
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
 
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch/debug
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
 
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/SRPMS
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
EOF

# yum 源缓存更新
yum clean all
yum makecache

3、启动docker过程中提示“WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work”

# 该问题是宿主的机器未开启ipv4转发功能

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

#重启网络
systemctl restart network

#查看是否配置成功
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward